Advances in Energy Materials

ISBN-13: 9783030501105 / Angielski / Miękka / 2021 / 232 str.

Shadia Jamil Ikhmayies

Spis treści

Chapter 1: Inorganic perovskite material for energy harvesting

Author: Guijun Li

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Material fundamentals: Crystal structure and Physical property

3. Synthesis and Characterization

4. Inorganic perovskite single junction solar cell

5. Perovskite tandem solar cell

6. Summary

Chapter 2: Progress in growth and development of perovskite single crystals and their potential use in future devices

Author: Mrinal Dutta

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Crystal structure

3. Crystal growth techniques

3.1 Temperature lowering method

3.1.1.1 Bottom seeded solution growth method

3.1.1.2 Top seeded solution growth (TSSG) method

3.2 Inverse temperature crystallization (ITC) methods

3.3 Bridgman growth method

3.4 Floating-zone (FZ) method

3.5 Droplet-pinned crystallization (DPC) method

3.6 Anti-solvent vapor-assisted crystallization (AVC)

3.7 Slow evaporation method

3.8 Hydrophobic interface confined lateral crystal growth method

4. Properties

5. Applications

5.1 Photovoltaics

5.2 Gas sensors

5.3 Detectors

6. Future aspects

Chapter 3:  Perovskite Materials and its application in thin film solar cells

Authors:  Ranjana Jha and Darshan Sharma

Abstract 

1. Introduction 

2. Synthesis techniques of perovskite materials 

2.1. In-situ vs Ex-situ 

2.2. Solid state method vs wet chemical methods 

3. Distinguish characteristics of perovskite materials 

3.1. Size matters 

3.2. Structural characteristics 

3.3. Optical characteristics 

3.4. Electronic characteristics 

3.5. Others 

4. Application in thin film solar cells 

4.1. Types of perovskite materials used in thin film solar cells 

4.1.1. Inorganic perovskite 

4.1.2. Organo-metal halides perovskite 

4.1.3. Green perovskite (Lead-free) 

4.2. Configuration of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) 4.2.1. Convention type of PSCs 

4.2.2. Inverted type of PSCs 

4.3. Present status of perovskites in thin film solar cells 

5. Challenges involved in perovskite based solar cells 

6. Future perspective in perovskite solar cells 

7. Conclusions 

Acknowledgements 

References

Chapter 4: Advances in Nano-Materials used in Photovoltaic/Thermal Systems

Authors: Ali H A Al-Waeli, Hussein A Kazem

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. PV/T principle and performance

3. Nano materials used for PV/T cooling

4. Results and discussions

5. Conclusions

6. References

Chapter 5: Pivotal role of nanomaterials in development of efficient thin film solar cells

Authors: Ranjana Jha and Darshan Sharma

Abstract

List of Abbreviations

1. Introduction

1.1. Fundamentals of solar energy conversion

1.1.1. Solar spectrum

1.1.2. Air Mass

1.1.3. Solar energy conversion technologies

1.2. Photovoltaic parameters

1.2.1. Short circuit current (Jsc)

1.2.2. Open circuit voltage (Voc)

1.2.3. Fill Factor (FF)

1.2.4. Maximum power point (Pmpp)

1.2.5. Power conversion efficiency (PCE)

1.2.6. Incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE)

1.3. Generations of solar cells

1.4. Thin film solar cells

2. Distinguish characteristics of Nano-materials 2.1. Size matters: Quantum confinement

2.1. 2.2.   Tunable energy bandgaps

2.2. Carrier multiplication

2.3. Optical characteristics

2.4. Electronic characteristics

2.5. Others

3. Fabrication techniques of Thin film solar cells 3.1. In-situ vs Ex-situ

3.1. 3.2.   Chemical Bath deposition

3.2. SILAR

3.3. Electrochemical deposition

3.4. Sol-gel

3.5. Spin-coat

3.6. Screen printing

3.7. Hydrothermal/Solvothermal

3.8. Molecular linker attachement

3.9. Direct adsorption

3.10. Electrophoretic deposition

3.11. Chemical vapour deposition

3.12. Molecular beam epitaxy

3.13. Others

4. Recent advances in thin film solar cells

4.1. Related to Dye sensitized solar cells

4.1.1. Configuration

4.1.2. Charge transportation mechanism

4.1.3. Present status

4.1.4. Challenges ahead

4.2. Related to Quantum dots sensitized solar cells

4.2.1. Configuration

4.2.2. Charge transportation mechanism

4.2.3. Present status

4.2.4. Challenges ahead

4.3. Related to organic solar cells

4.3.1. Configuration

4.3.2. Charge transportation mechanism

4.3.3. Present status

4.3.4. Challenges ahead

4.4. Related to Perovskite solar cells

4.4.1. Configuration

4.4.2. Charge transportation mechanism

4.4.3. Present status

4.4.4. Challenges ahead

4.5. Related to tandem solar cells

4.5.1. Configuration

4.5.2. Charge transportation mechanism

4.5.3. Present status

4.5.4. Challenges ahead

5. Future perspective in thin film solar cells

6. Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 6: Si quantum dots for next generation solar energy harvester 

Author: Mrinal Dutta

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Synthesis

2.1 Bottom up approach

2.1.1 Plasma assisted synthesis

2.1.2 Solution phase synthesis

2.2 Top-down approach

2.2.1 Laser ablation

2.2.2 Electrochemical etching

3. Properties

4. Surface Chemistry

5. Doping

6. Photovoltaics of Si QD solar cell 

6.1 All Silicon solar cell

6.2 Silicon QD hybrid solar cell 

6.3 Hot carrier solar cells

7. Future aspects

Chapter 7: Studies on synthesis and various characteristics of Green materials for energy conversion and storage applications

Authors: Medha Bhushan, Ranjana Jha and Rekha Bhardwaj

Abstract

1. Introduction

   1.1    Why Sustainable environments?

   1.2    Various strategies to create sustainable environment. 

   1.3    What are green nano-materials?

        1.3.1   Green materials for Energy generation

              1.3.1.1   Metal Oxides(ZnO,TiO2,MoO3)

              1.3.1.2   Metal Sulphides(ZnS,NiS)

              1.3.1.3   Graphitic carbon Nitrides

              1.3.1.4  Others

2 .  Synthesis of Green energy materials

    2.1   Different green precursors required for synthesis

    2.2   Different reaction conditions

    2.3   Various methods for synthesis

          2.3.1   Solvothermal Method

          2.3.2   Hydrothermal Method

          2.3.3   Co-precipitation method

          2.3.4   Thermal Decomposition

          2.3.5   Sol-gel method

          2.3.6   Micro emulsion method

          2.3.7   Others

3.  Basic characteristics of green materials

     3.1  Structure & Morphology

     3.2  Optical

    3.3  Electrical

    3.4  Magnetic

    3.5  Others

4.  Various parameters affecting these characteristics

     4.1 Temperature and Pressure

     4.2 Molarity 

     4.3 Precursors

     4.4 Others

5.  Basic fundamentals for energy conversion

     5.1 Light absorption 

     5.2 Generation & Separation of charge carriers

     5.3 Storage

     5.4 Stability

     5.5 Photon recycling

     5.6 Transportation

     5.7 Material limits to photo voltage

6.  Basic operation for energy conversion devices

    6.1 Current –Voltage Characteristics

    6.2 Power Conversion Efficiency

    6.3 Analysis of Fill-Factor

    6.4 Efficiency limits 

7.   Various applications of Green –energy materials

     7.1 Solar Cells

          7.1.1 DSSCs (Dye Sensitized Solar Cells)

          7.1.2 QDSSCs (Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar cells)

    7.2 HER (Hydrogen Evolution reaction)

    7.3 Supercapactors

    7.4 Batteries

         7.4.1 Li-ion Batteries

         7.4.2 Na-ion Batteries

         7.4.3 Mg-ion Batteries

    7.5 LEDs (Light emitting Diodes)

8. Different difficulties associated with energy devices utilizing green energy materials.

9. Future perspectives

10. Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 8: The efficiency of two-dimensional layered group VIB transition metal dichalcogenides as photocatalytic hydrogen production

Author: Ihsan Erikat

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. The bulk properties of titanium  dichalcogenides

2.1. Titanium disulfide (TiS2)

2.2. Titanium diselenide (TiSe2)

2.3. Titanium ditelluride (TiTe2)

3.     The Properties of single layer and two layers of titanium dichalcogenides.

3.1. Titanium disulfide (TiS2)

3.2. Titanium diselenide (TiSe2)

3.2.1.1. 3.3 Titanium ditelluride (TiTe2)

4. Hydrogen production on single and two layers of  titanium dichalcogenides

4.1. Titanium disulfide (TiS2)

4.2. Titanium diselenide (TiSe2)

4.3. Titanium ditelluride (TiTe2)

5. Conclusions

References

Chapter 9:  Photoluminescence of Spray-Deposited CdS Thin Films

Author: Shadia Ikhmayies

Abstract

1- Introduction

2- Micro Structure

3- Transmittance and Absorbance

4- Band Gap Energy 

5- Refractive Index and Extinction Coefficient

6- Dielectric Constant

7- Photoluminescence

8- Conclusions

References

Chapter 10:  Properties of ZnO Thin Films Prepared by the Spray Pyrolysis Method on Glass Substrates

Author: Shadia Ikhmayies

Abstract

1- Abstract

2- Introduction

3- Micro Structure

4- Transmittance and Absorbance

5- Band Gap Energy 

6- Refractive Index and Extinction Coefficient

7- Dielectric Constant

8- Photoluminescence

9- Conclusions

References

O autorze

Dr. Shadia J. Ikhmayies had received her B.Sc. in Physics, M.Sc. in Molecular Physics and Ph.D. in the field of CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells from the University of Jordan in 1983, 1987 and 2002, respectively. Her research focuses on producing and characterizing semiconductor thin films and thin film CdS/CdTe solar cells. Dr. Ikhmayies is also involved in characterizing quartz in Jordan for the extraction of silicon for solar cells and characterizing different materials using computation. She has published 55 papers in international scientific journals, three book chapters and 79 research papers in conference proceedings. She is the founder and editor of the ebook series Advances in Material Research and Technology, the editor-in-chief of the book Advances in Silicon Solar Cells, and the book Advances in II-VI Compounds Suitable for Solar Cell Applications. Shadia is a member of The Minerals, Metals &Materials Society (TMS), where she serves as organizer of several symposiums and editor of several Proceedings, and a member of the World Renewable Energy Network (WREN). She is a member of the international organizing committee and the international scientific committee of the European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems (ECRES2015- ECRES2020), and a member of the editorial board of the International Journal of Materials and Chemistry, Journal of Energy Systems, Recent Patents on Materials Science, and the Journal of Amasya University the Institute of Sciences and Technology. She served as technical advisor/subject editor for several JOM  issues from 2014 - 2021, and as a guest editor for four special issues of the Journal of Electronic Materials: European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems (2015,- 2018). Shadia is a reviewer for 24 international journals, and she was the chair of the TMS Materials Characterization Committee (2016–2017).

Blurb

This book presents recent advances in experimental and theoretical research on energy materials, focusing on materials that can potentially be used in the production of solar cells, hydrogen and energy storage devices. It discusses in detail the latest synthetic methods, processes, characterization methods and applications of materials like perovskite materials, metal sulfides, nanomaterials, and two-dimensional, transition metal dichalcogenides.